Heel pain can have causes that aren't due to underlying disease. Examples include poorly fitting shoes, wearing high heeled shoes, prolonged period on feet, overuse such as long walks or marathons, sprains, strains, or trauma. 

A bunion is a painful bony bump that develops on the inside of the foot at the big toe joint. Bunions are often referred to as hallux valgus. Bunions develop slowly. Pressure on the big toe joint causes the big toe to lean toward the second toe.

 

A hammer toe is usually caused by wearing shoes with high heels or narrow toe boxes. It often affects the toe next to the big toe.

The affected toe may be painful or hard to move, and may develop corns or calluses.

Treatment can include wearing roomier shoes and using shoe inserts or pads. Surgery might be needed.

 

A neuroma is a painful condition, also referred to as a “pinched nerve” or a nerve tumor. It is a benign growth of nerve tissue frequently found between the third and fourth toes. It brings on pain, a burning sensation, tingling, or numbness between the toes and in the ball of the foot.

 

Flat feet (also called pes planus or fallen arches) is a postural deformity in which the arches of the foot collapse, with the entire sole of the foot coming into complete or near-complete contact with the ground. An estimated 20–30% of the general population have an arch that simply never develops in one or both feet

 

Cavus foot is a condition in which the foot has a very high arch. Because of this high arch, an excessive amount of weight is placed on the ball and heel of the foot when walking or standing. Cavus foot can lead to a variety of signs and symptoms, such as pain and instability.

 

 

Congenital pedal deformities include metatarsus adductus, metatarsus varus, calcaneovalgus foot, rocker-bottom foot (congenital vertical talus), and clubfoot (talipes equinovarus). Pes planus (flatfeet) may be of either the soft or the rigid variety, and both are typically noticed as the child begins to ambulate.

 

An ankle or foot sprain occurs when ligaments in the foot or ankle are torn or partially torn. A foot or ankle fracture happens when a bone in the foot or ankle breaks. Symptoms of a sprain or fracture of the foot or ankle include: Pain that worsens when the patient bears weight on the hurt foot.
 

Common causes of nail problems include injury, infection and skin diseases such as eczema and psoriasis. Some conditions need professional treatment from a doctor or a dermatologist. People with diabetes or compromised immune systems have a higher risk of fungal nail infections.

 

Ingrown Toenail: The condition usually affects the big toe. People who have diabetes are at greater risk of complications.Pain, redness, and swelling can occur at the affected nail. Lifting or removing the toenail can help. Antibiotics might be needed.

 

Plantar Fasciitis: The inflamed tissue runs across the bottom of the foot. Symptoms include stabbing pain near the heel. Pain might be worst in the morning. Treatments include physical therapy, shoe inserts, steroid injections, and surgery.

 

Total Ankle Replacement: Ankle replacement, or ankle arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure to replace the damaged articular surfaces of the human ankle joint with prosthetic components.

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What is a diabetic foot ulcer?

Diabetic foot ulcers are open sores or wounds on the bottom of your feet, often under your big toes or the balls of your feet. When left untreated, these ulcers can lead to serious health complications including amputation.

Of the 15% of people with diabetes who develop foot ulcers, as many as 24% end up having an amputation. But thankfully, with proper foot care, diabetic foot ulcers are preventable.